Ka helu ʻana i ka nui o ka ea ea a me ke koho ʻana i nā lako i ke kūkulu ʻana i ka tunneling (3)

3. Ke koho ʻana i nā mea hoʻoheheʻe

3.1 Ka helu ʻana i nā ʻāpana kūpono o ka ducting

3.1.1 Ke pale ʻana o ka makani i ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana o ka ea

ʻO ke kū ʻana o ka ea o ka duct ventila tunnel theoretically e pili ana i ka friction air resistance, ka hui pū ʻana o ka ea, ke kuʻekuʻe o ka ea kuʻekuʻe o ka duct ventila, ka tunnel ventilation duct puka ea kūʻē (press-in ventilation) a i ʻole ka tunnel ventilation duct inlet air resistance (extraction ventilation), a e like me nā ʻano hana hoʻoheheʻe ʻokoʻa, aia nā ʻano hoʻohālikelike paʻakikī.Eia nō naʻe, ma nā hoʻohana pono, ʻaʻole pili wale ka pale ʻana o ka makani o ka tunnel ventilation duct i nā mea i luna, akā pili pū kekahi i ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻokele e like me ke kau ʻana, ka mālama ʻana, a me ke kaomi makani o ka duct ventilation tunnel.No laila, paʻakikī ka hoʻohana ʻana i ke ʻano helu helu kūpono no ka helu pololei.E like me ke ana awelika makani kū'ē o 100 mika (me ka kūloko makani kū'ē) e like me ka ikepili e ana i ka hooponopono maikai a me ka manao o ka tunnel ventilation duct.Hāʻawi ʻia ka awelika makani kūwaho o 100 mika e ka mea hana i ka wehewehe ʻana o nā ʻāpana huahana hale hana.No laila, ʻo ke ʻano helu helu ʻana i ke ala hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i ka makani:
R=R100•L/100 Ns2/m8(5)
Ma hea:
R — Ke pale ʻana i ka makani o ka ʻauwai hoʻoheheʻe tunnel,Ns2/m8
R100- Ka awelika o ka makani kū'ē o ka tunnel ventilation duct 100 mika, makani pale i 100m no ka pōkole,Ns2/m8
L — ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka ducting, m, L/100 ka helu helu oR100.
3.1.2 Leaka ea mai ka ducting
Ma lalo o nā kūlana maʻamau, ʻo ka lele ʻana o ka ea o nā metala a me nā ducts plastic ventilation me ka liʻiliʻi o ka ea permeability ka mea nui ma ka hui.I ka wā e hoʻoikaika ʻia ai ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa hui ʻana, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka lele ʻana o ka ea a hiki ke nānā ʻole ʻia.Loaʻa ka leʻaleʻa o ka ea PE ma nā hui wale nō akā ma nā paia a me nā pinholes o ka lōʻihi piha, no laila ke hoʻomau nei ka lele ʻana o ka ea o nā ducts tunnel a me ka ʻole.ʻO ka leaka ea ke kumu o ka nui o ka eaQfma ka hopena pili o ka duct ventila a me ka peʻahi e ʻokoʻa mai ka leo eaQkokoke i ka hopena puka o ka duct ventila (ʻo ia hoʻi, ka nui o ka ea e pono ai i loko o ka tunnel).No laila, pono e hoʻohana ʻia ke ʻano geometric o ka leo ea ma ka hoʻomaka a me ka hopena e like me ka leo eaQae hele ana ma ka duct ventila, a laila:
                                                                                                      (6)
ʻIke loa, ʻo ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o Qfa ʻo Q ka ʻauwaʻa ea a me ka leaka o ka eaQL.ʻo ia hoʻi:
QL=Qf-Q(7)
QLpili i ke ʻano o ka tunnel ventilation duct, ka helu o nā hono, ke ʻano a me ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻokele ʻana, a me ke anawaena o ka tunnel ventilation duct, wind pressure, etc., akā pili nui ia i ka mālama ʻana a me ka hoʻokele ka auwai hoʻoheheʻe ʻana.ʻEkolu mau ʻāpana kuhikuhi e hōʻike i ke kiʻekiʻe o ka lele ʻana o ka ea o ka duct ventilation:
a.Leaka ea o ka tunnel ventilation ductLe: Ka pākēneka o ka lele ʻana o ka ea mai ka ʻauwai hoʻoheheʻe tunnel i ka nui o ka ea hana o ka peʻahi, ʻo ia hoʻi:
Le=QL/Qfx 100%=(Qf-Q)/Qfx 100%(8)
ʻOiai ʻo Lehiki ke hōʻike i ka leakage ea o kekahi duct ventilation tunnel, ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ma ke ʻano he kuhikuhi hoʻohālikelike.No laila, ʻo ka 100 mika ea leakage rateLe100hoʻohana pinepine ʻia e hōʻike:
Le100=[(Qf-Q)/Qf•L/100] x 100%(9)
Hāʻawi ʻia ka 100 mika leakage leakage o ka tunnel ventilation duct e ka mea hana duct i ka wehewehe ʻana o ka huahana hale hana.Pono ka 100 mika leaka lewa o ka duct ventila hiki ke hoʻokō i nā koi o ka papa ma lalo nei (e nānā i ka Papa 2).
Papa 2 ʻO ka 100 mika leakage o ka ea o ka duct ventila hiki
Ka mamao o ka ea (m) <200 200-500 500-1000 1000-2000 >2000
Le100(%) <15 <10 <3 <2 <1.5
b.ʻO ka nui o ka ea kūponoEfo ke auwaha ea tunnel: ʻo ia hoʻi, ka pākēneka o ka leo hoʻoheheʻe tunnel o ka maka tunneling i ka leo ea hana o ka peʻahi.
Ef=(Q/Qf) x 100%
=[(Qf-QL)/Qf] x 100%
=(1-Le) x 100%(10)
Mai ka hoohalike (9):Qf=100Q/(100-L•Le100) (11)
E hookomo i ka hoohalike (11) i ka hoohalike (10) e loaa:Ef=[(100-L•Le100)] x100%
=(1-L•Le100/100) x100% (12)
c.Koefficient mālama leakage ea o ke awāwa hoʻoheheʻe tunnelΦ: ʻO ia hoʻi, ka pānaʻi ʻana o ka nui o ka nui o ka ea o ka ʻauwai hoʻoheheʻe tunnel.
Φ=Qf/Q=1/Ef=1/(1-Le)=100/(100-L•Le100)
3.1.3 Anawaena o ke auwaha hookuonoono
ʻO ke koho ʻana o ke anawaena o ka duct ventilation tunnel e pili ana i nā mea e like me ka nui o ka hāʻawi ʻana i ka ea, ka mamao o ka ea a me ka nui o ka ʻāpana tunnel.Ma nā noi kūpono, koho nui ʻia ke anawaena maʻamau e like me ke kūlana kūlike me ke anawaena o ka puka pā.Me ka hoʻomau mau ʻana o ka ʻenehana hana tunnel, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā tunnel lōʻihi i ʻeli ʻia me nā ʻāpana piha.ʻO ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā awāwa nui no ka hoʻoulu ʻana i ka ea hiki ke maʻalahi i ke kaʻina hana o ka tunnel, kahi kūpono i ka hoʻolaha ʻana a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ʻeli ʻāpana piha, hoʻomaʻamaʻa i hoʻokahi manawa o ka hoʻokumu ʻana i nā lua, mālama i ka nui o ke kanaka a me nā mea waiwai, a maʻalahi loa. ka hoʻokele ʻana i ka ea, ʻo ia ka hopena i nā tunnel lōʻihi.ʻO nā ʻauwaʻa hoʻoheheʻe tunnel nui ke ala nui e hoʻoponopono ai i ka hoʻoulu ʻana o ka tunnel lōʻihi.
3.2 E hoʻoholo i nā palena hana o ka peʻahi makemake
3.2.1 E hoʻoholo i ka nui o ka ea hana o ka peʻahiQf
Qf=Φ•Q=[100/(100-L•Le100)]•Q (14)
3.2.2 E hoʻoholo i ke kaomi ea hana o ka peʻahihf
hf=R•Qa2=R•Qf•Q (15)
3.3 Koho lako
Pono e noʻonoʻo mua ke koho ʻana i nā mea hoʻonaninani i ke ʻano o ka ea a hoʻokō i nā koi o ke ʻano e hoʻohana ʻia.I ka manawa like, i ke koho ʻana i nā mea hana, pono nō hoʻi e noʻonoʻo e pili ana ka nui o ka ea i loko o ka tunnel i nā ʻāpana hana o nā ducts ventilation tunnel i helu ʻia ma luna aʻe, i mea e hōʻoia ai i ka loaʻa ʻana o ka mīkini ventila a me nā mea hana kiʻekiʻe. hana pono a hoemi i ka ikehu.
3.3.1 Koho Fan
a.I ke koho ʻana i nā mea pā, hoʻohana nui ʻia nā mea hoʻoheheʻe axial no ko lākou liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi, ke kaumaha māmā, haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, hoʻonohonoho maʻalahi a me ka hana kiʻekiʻe.
b.Pono ka nui o ka ea hana o ka peʻahi i nā koi oQf.
c.Pono ka ea hana o ka peʻa i nā koi ohf, akā ʻaʻole pono e ʻoi aku ka nui ma mua o ke kaomi hana ʻae ʻia o ka peʻa (nā ʻāpana hana o ka peʻa).
3.3.2 Ke koho ʻana i ka ʻauwaha hoʻoheheʻe tunnel
a.Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā ʻauwaʻa i hoʻohana ʻia no ka ʻeli ʻana o ka tunnel i nā ducts ventila hiki ʻole i ka frameless, nā ducts ventilative flexible me nā iwi ʻoi a me nā ducts ventilation paʻa.He māmā ke kaumaha o ka duct ventila hoʻoheheʻe frameless, maʻalahi e mālama, mālama, hoʻopili a hoʻokuʻu, a he haʻahaʻa ke kumu kūʻai, akā kūpono wale ia no ka paʻi-i loko;I ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā ducts ventilation maʻalahi a paʻa me ka iwi ʻoi.Ma muli o kona kumukūʻai kiʻekiʻe, kaumaha nui, ʻaʻole maʻalahi e mālama, lawe a hoʻokomo, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ke kaomi i loko o ka pass.
b.ʻO ke koho ʻana o ka duct ventila e noʻonoʻo ʻia e pili ana ke anawaena o ka ʻauwaha hoʻoheheʻe i ke anawaena puka o ka peʻahi.
c.Inā ʻaʻole ʻokoʻa nā kūlana ʻē aʻe, maʻalahi ke koho ʻana i kahi peʻahi me ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa o ka makani a me ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa leakage o 100 mika.

E hoʻomau ʻia......

 


Ka manawa hoʻouna: Apr-19-2022